CIFOR–ICRAF publishes over 750 publications every year on agroforestry, forests and climate change, landscape restoration, rights, forest policy and much more – in multiple languages.

CIFOR–ICRAF addresses local challenges and opportunities while providing solutions to global problems for forests, landscapes, people and the planet.

We deliver actionable evidence and solutions to transform how land is used and how food is produced: conserving and restoring ecosystems, responding to the global climate, malnutrition, biodiversity and desertification crises. In short, improving people’s lives.

Towards sustainable palm oil: Social footprinting of informal and formal market value chains

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Ghana is a major producer and consumer of palm oil, yet it is unable to meet domestic demand. Notwithstanding the emergence of large-scale plantations and industrial millers, smallholder farms account for approximately 80% of the land under oil palm cultivation, and 76% of crude palm oil (CPO) is processed by small-scale artisanal mills.

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