s:1022:"TI The charcoal value chain in Kenya: Actors, practices and trade flows in selected sites 
AU Ndegwa, G. 
AU Sola, P. 
AU Siko, I. 
AU Kirimi, M. 
AU Wanjira, E.O. 
AU Koech, G. 
AU Ihalainen, M. 
AU Iiyama, M. 
AU Muriuki, J. 
AU Njenga, M. 
AB The charcoal sub-sector is one of the most important sources of energy in Kenya, especially in urban areas. The sub-sector has been reported to be worth billions of dollars in market value. Between 40-75% of the charcoal is produced in arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) using inefficient processing technologies and unsustainable tree harvesting practices. Given the critical role the sub-sector plays in energy provision and economic development, this study sought to assess the charcoal value chain to understand: i) actors and their motivation for engagement; ii) production technologies and processes; iii) the economics of product flow among different actors at different stages of the value chain; and iv) factors influencing performance in the value chain. 
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