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Paiements pour services environnementaux en Indonésie: incitations économiques ou motivations sociales?

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Cet article analyse un dispositif de paiements pour services environnementaux (PSE) en Indonésie. Selon la théorie standard du changement, les fermiers, des agents économiques supposés rationnels, modifient leurs décisions en réponse à des paiements. Mais à l’échelle des projets, l’impact des PSE dépend de la transmission d’un signal et d’une bonne diffusion de l’information. Selon nos résultats, les fermiers participent en fait au PSE pour des raisons sociales et intrinsèques plutôt que financières ; en outre leur compréhension du dispositif est limitée. Ainsi, les décisions sont principalement déterminées par le contexte social et culturel. Ceci questionne les hypothèses économiques fortes qui ont justifié l’émergence des PSE dans les pays en développement.


Analyzing a Payment for Environmental Services (PES) scheme in Indonesia, this article questions the alleged effectiveness of economic incentives to change land use decisions. According to the standard PES theory of change, farmers respond to payments and change their land use decisions accordingly. However, at the project level impacts depend on how the signal is transmitted and understood. Results from an extensive household survey indicate that farmers join the scheme for intrinsic motivations rather than because of economic incentives; and farmer group leaders display disproportionate power of decision while individual farmers have limited understanding of the PES. Hence, land use patterns might not depend on the economic incentive only; rather they are determined by the local social and cultural context. This in turn qualifies the strong (yet contested) economic assumptions that underlie the emergence of PES schemes and their modus operandi in developing countries.


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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4000/developpementdurable.11147
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    Publication year

    2016

    Authors

    Lapeyre, R.; Pirard, R.; Leimona, B.

    Language

    French

    Keywords

    ecosystem services, economics, incentives, markets, watershed management

    Geographic

    Indonesia

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