CIFOR–ICRAF publishes over 750 publications every year on agroforestry, forests and climate change, landscape restoration, rights, forest policy and much more – in multiple languages.

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We deliver actionable evidence and solutions to transform how land is used and how food is produced: conserving and restoring ecosystems, responding to the global climate, malnutrition, biodiversity and desertification crises. In short, improving people’s lives.

Seeing REDD+ through 4Is: A political economy framework

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Analysing REDD+ with 4Is – institutions and their path-dependencies and ‘stickiness’, actors and their interests, ideas and information – can be useful to understand what hinders or enables change.Transformational change beyond the forestry sector is required to fully realise the mitigation potential of REDD+, but economic interests and power structures pose challenges to such change. REDD+ can also serve – and already does to some extent – as a game changer. New economic incentives, new information, growing public concern about climate change, new actors and new policy coalitions all have the potential to generate transformational change.
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