s:1598:"TI Scaling up the impact of agroforestry research, report of the Agroforestry Dissemination Workshop, 14-15 September 1999, Nairobi, Kenya 
AU Cooper P J M 
AU Denning G L 
AB The agroforestry (AF) dissemination workshop held in Nairobi (Kenya) in 1999 brought together 23 specialists to identify research and development (R&D) priorities for the International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF). Case studies were presented to highlight the key requirements for, and impacts of, successful initiatives in scaling up AF, and to address the main lessons learned and remaining challenges. Also included in these proceedings is a summary of a seminar that was attended by most of the participants of this workshop. During the seminar, the successful Landcare Movement in the Philippines was described, and several important issues with regard to scaling up AF innovations were highlighted. Drawing on these case studies and their own experiences, participants identified 10 essential and generic elements (fundamentals) of any strategy for scaling up AF that need to be in place for that strategy to be successful. They were: relevant technical options; a farmer-centred approach to research and extension; empowering local institutional capacity; effective germplasm production and delivery systems; appropriate market access and strategies for AF products; enabling policies that support adoption; a rigorous monitoring and evaluation framework for R&D; cost-effective R&D partnerships; knowledge and information sharing systems; and, effective facilitation of the scaling-up process. 
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