CIFOR–ICRAF publishes over 750 publications every year on agroforestry, forests and climate change, landscape restoration, rights, forest policy and much more – in multiple languages.

CIFOR–ICRAF addresses local challenges and opportunities while providing solutions to global problems for forests, landscapes, people and the planet.

We deliver actionable evidence and solutions to transform how land is used and how food is produced: conserving and restoring ecosystems, responding to the global climate, malnutrition, biodiversity and desertification crises. In short, improving people’s lives.

Field guide to the future: four ways for communities to think ahead

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The purpose of this field guide is to make thinking about the future easy and empowering. It was written specifically for natural resource dependent communities and the people who work with them. The field guide begins with a brief discussion about communities that depend on natural resources, thinking about the future and why it is important for communities to think ahead. Next, we briefly introduce four methods for thinking about the future, describing hypothetical situations where each might be applied. We provide a comparative matrix to make it easier to decide between methods in a given context. We then discuss concepts such as participation, mental maps, uncertainty and complexity. In the second section “Getting Ready” we explain how to plan for an exercise in thinking ahead in a community, with suggestions for organizing an event, selecting participants and monitoring progress. The third section “Facilitating the Methods Step by Step” delves into the details.

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