Englerulacese (Dothideomycetes)

Phytotaxa 179 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press • 3 SYSTEMATICS OF THE OCTOPLEURA CLADE OF MICONIA Table of contents Abstract....................................................................................................................... ................................................................... 3 Resumen........................................................................................................................ ................................................................. 3 Introduction................................................................................................................... ................................................................. 4 Taxonomic History.............................................................................................................. ........................................................... 5 Materials and Methods.......................................................................................................... ......................................................... 5 Phylogenetic Reconstruction .................................................................................................... ..................................................... 7 Character Evolution ............................................................................................................ ........................................................... 8 Comparative Morphology......................................................................................................... ................................................... 10 Chromosome Numbers ............................................................................................................. ................................................... 28 Distribution, Habitats, and Conservation....................................................................................... .............................................. 28 Pollination and Seed Dispersal ................................................................................................. ................................................... 31 Animal Associations............................................................................................................ ........................................................ 32 Taxonomic Treatment ............................................................................................................ ...................................................... 33 Acknowledgements............................................................................................................... ..................................................... 150 References..................................................................................................................... ............................................................. 150 Appendix I. Registration Numbers of GenBank Sequences.......................................................................... ............................ 156 Appendix II. Characters and Character States used for tracing Character Evolution.............................................. .................. 157 Appendix III. Character States for Taxa in the Octopleura clade and Outgroup................................................... .................... 158 Appendix IV. Chromosome counts for species in the Octopleura clade............................................................. ....................... 161 Appendix V. Conservation Status for species in the Octopleura clade............................................................ .......................... 162 Appendix VI. Numerical List of Species & Index to Numbered Collections Studied ................................................. ............. 163 Abstract The Octopleura clade of Miconia is a natural group of Neotropical subshrubs and small trees comprising some thirty- three species. These had previously been described in Ossaea and Clidemia , two traditionally recognized genera of Miconieae, but this natural group is nested within the megadiverse genus Miconia . This study represents the first comprehensive monograph of the clade across its entire range based on a study of over 2100 collections from seven herbaria. Thirteen new combinations are made ( Miconia aguilarii , M. aurantiaca , M. biolleyana , M. boekei , M. chocoensis , M. evanescens , M. incerta , M. laxivenula , M. palenquensis , M. quinquenervia , M. radicans , M. reitziana , and M. rufibarbis ). Thirteen new names are provided for epithets preempted in Miconia ( M. albertobrenesii , M. alboglandulosa , M. approximata , M. atropurpurea , M. bensparrei , M. bractiflora , M. erikasplundii , M. magnifolia , M. neocoronata , M. quadridomius , M. sessilis , M. spiciformis , and M. variabilis ). Six new species are proposed ( M. alatissima , M. anchicayensis , M. formicaria , M. latidecurrens , M. renatoi , and M. veraguensis ). A taxonomic key, detailed descriptions, distribution maps, and phenological and ecological information are presented for all species, along with SEM images of seed morphology for selected species. A preliminary geospatial conservation assessment is made for each species. Diagnostic illustrations are included for all new taxa and other selected species. A molecular phylogenetic analysis based on four genic loci is presented, along with a reconstruction of ancestral character states. Molecular and morphological data are used to develop a better understanding of the constituent species of the clade and their evolutionary relationships. Three subclades, Approximata, Quinquenervia, and Variabilis, are evident within the Octopleura clade, and supported by morphological synapomorphies.

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.179.1.1

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