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The millennium fuel briquette handbook

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Fuel briquette is a solid fuel made from a variety of waste materials such as charcoal from low density wood, forestry waste materials, domestic wastes, agricultural residues and paper as well as any type of biomass waste. Wastes are materials that are not prime products (products produced for the market) for which the initial user has no further use in terms of his or her own purposes of production, transformation or consumption, and of which he/she wants to dispose.(Basel Convention) Waste can be a resource if properly managed. This can be done through recycling of materials like plastics and composting through the conversion of biodegradable waste into manure. Similarly, a combination of waste paper, charcoal dust, clay and dry leaves can be used to make an alternative source of fuel called a briquette. Briquetting is the process which converts these low density biomass into high density and energy concentrated fuel briquettes. The Industrial methods of briquetting dates back o the second part of the 19th Century. Briquetting of sawdust and other materials became widespread in many countries in Europe and America during the Second World War due to the impact of fuel shortage. The use of organic fuel briquettes mainly in industries was rejuvenated during the period of high energy in the 1980's especially in USA, Canada and Scandinavian countries. In many developing countries, briquettes produced from biomass residues are a viable good quality fuel for cooking (Satonnde et al., 2010).

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