1. Important drivers of deforestation in areas of mixed agriculture - forest land use More dynamic change occurs in mixed forest-agriculture mosaics and forest margins in tropical landscapes than in forest cores. Mosaic areas are subject to competing interests and multiple direct and indirect pressures. These pressures are shaped by a variety of policies and institutions, often extending well beyond the forest sector. 2. Multiple pathways of change determine carbon and livelihoods Change in forest-agriculture mosaics in tropical countries can take many different pathways. These change trajectories are characterized by different types of forest and tree cover, quantities of carbon, economic returns, and environmental outcomes. In many areas, the adoption of high-carbon land uses is a growing trend. 3. Intermediate land uses can contribute to REDD objectives Agroforestry systems that are intermediate between natural forests and intensive foodcrop systems can conserve and sequester high amounts of carbon and generate moderate to high income for farmers compared to other land uses. In addition, some of these systems support relatively high biodiversity and watershed functions, additional environmental benefits.
Publication year
2008
Authors
Minang, P.A.; Swallow B M; Meadu V
Language
English
Keywords
agroforestry, climate change, farmers, smallholders, vegetables
Geographic
Indonesia
