s:932:"%T Agroforestry - a policy imperative for Vietnam 
%A Catacutan D 
%A Dao T 
%A Le T 
%A Simelton E 
%X Agroforestry has been traditionally practiced, although it does not go under the name ‘agroforestry’. The VAC-R-systems (vuon-ao-chuong-rung or garden-pond-livestock-forest) expanded largely in the 1960-90s. Taungya is often practiced to introduce reforestation by intercropping annu-al crops with tree seedlings during the first 1-3 years until the tree canopy has closed.‘Integrated agroforestry’ is originally used to denote the integration of trees and crops (in one field), such as intercropping, alley cropping, parkland - sometimes includ-ing livestock. Agroforestry in the northern uplands of Viet Nam can at best be described as temporarily integrated in transition from segregated mosaic monocultures of maize or cassava to timber-tree mono-plantation (typically Aca-cia, Eucalypts, Manglietia, Melia). 
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