Ekologi Regenerasi Tumbuhan Berkayu pada Sistem Agroforest Karet

SAIDA RASNOVI. Ecological Regeneration of Woody Species in RubberAgroforest System. Under the direction of CECEP KUSMANA, GREGOIREVINCENT and SOEKISMAN TJITROSEMITO.The aim of this research was to investigate the potential of rubberagroforest (RAF) as a refuge area for woody species. Understorey data wascollected from RAF and its adjacent forest at a landscape level from seven villageterritories in Bungo and Tebo districts, Jambi province. This research wasconducted from August 2002 until August 2005.Woody sapling species exclude liana ( 1 m height and 3 cm indiameter) were surveyed using standard plots combined with circular elementarysubplots laid along 60 m transect line. Data of age, previous vegetation types andmanagement intensity of rubber agroforest as well as dispersal mode, lightpercentage under canopy, soil and stand structure were also collected from bothrubber agroforest and its adjacent forest.The survey found 686 woody species from 77 plots covering 2.35 haregenerating in RAF comparing with its adjacent natural forest which has 646woody species from 31 plots covering 0.88 ha. Rarefaction Coleman andSimpson probability indices in RAF plots were lower significantly than forestplots. Observed shared species between RAF and forest were 405 species whileMorishita-Horn’s similarity index (MHSI) of species, genus and family betweenforest and RAF were 0.185, 0.34 and 0.84 respectively. As many as five of sevenin total protected species by Indonesian law as well as six of seventeen in totalIUCN critically endangered and endangered category species were foundregenerated in the RAF. Stand structure and light percentage under canopy nothave significantly effect to woody sapling species richness and diversity index norage, management intensity and previous vegetation types. Soil data wereworthless due to data interchange among plots. There was no clear pattern ofMHSI values among age class gradient comparing with its adjacent forest. MHSIdecreases as management intensity increase and MHSI was higher in rubberagroforest which made initially from natural forest than bush. Beta diversity indexwas lower significantly in RAF than its adjacent forest. This index correlated withalpha diversity level in RAF but it is not in the forest. Abundance of seven woodysapling species showed significantly distributed to the high light class andabundance of nine woody sapling species showed significantly disributed to thelow light class in RAF. Both in RAF and forest, the important seed dispersalagent was zoochory-distance group. Dispersal seed agent for woody plantspecies which found only in RAF was dispersed by anemochory and zoochoryshortgroups, and for woody plant species which found only in forest wasdispersed by autochory. While shared woody plant species which found both inRAF and forest was dispersed by zoochory-distance.

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