This chapter examines program placement in the early implementation phase of Indonesia’s Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) community forestry program, in which groups of farmers living on government forest land are granted secure tenure conditional on using the land in a way that protects a watershed against erosion12. It analyses the confluence of two sets of factors: 1) biophysical conditions that determine which lands are best equipped to provide the environmental service in question, and 2) social and institutional factors that led the program to be placed in certain areas as opposed to others. We offer a case study in which placement follows social forces rather than biophysical criteria, and we discuss some implications. We anticipate that this is typical of payment for watershed services programs because carefully assessing which locations best deliver environmental services is very complex and timeconsuming, as can be seen in this paper. The analysis draws on a combination of catchmentlevel suspended sediment yield assessments to identify watershed services and their sources, and a community-level survey to identify social factors associated with becoming aware of and attracting the program.
Publication year
2017
Authors
Kerr, J.; Verbist, B.; Suyanto; Pender, J.
Language
English
Keywords
ecosystem services, incentive
Geographic
Indonesia
