s:2033:"TI The political economy of Readiness for REDD+ 
AU Minang, P.A. 
AU van Noordwijk, M. 
AB The emergence of payments and other economically relevant incentives for ecosystem services in recent years has increased the scope of options for managing natural resources, especially forests (van Noordwijk et al., 2012 van Noordwijk, M., Leimona, B., Jindal, R., Villamor, G. B., Vardhan, M., Namirembe, S., … Tomich, T. P. (2012). Payments for environmental services: Evolution towards efficient and fair incentives for multifunctional landscapes. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 37, 389–420. Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation plus sustainable management of forests, conservation and enhancement of carbon stocks (REDD+) through economic incentives has been under negotiation within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) for over nine years. REDD+ is an evolving mechanism that aims at making forests more profitable standing rather than destroyed, by rewarding governments, individuals, and forest managers in developing countries for keeping or restoring forests. The REDD+ mechanism has evolved from reducing emissions from deforestation (RED) to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD), to the present-day REDD+, which goes beyond REDD to include ‘reducing emissions from deforestation’, ‘reducing emissions from degradation’, ‘conservation of forest carbon stocks’, ‘sustainable management of forests’, and ‘enhancement of carbon stocks’ (UNFCCC, 2010 UNFCCC. (2010). The Cancún agreements: Outcome of the work of the Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-Term Cooperative Action under the Convention. Decision 1/CP16, Cancun Mexico. Retrieved from. Given that REDD+ is a new phenomenon, countries have also been engaged in technical, policy, and institutional preparations (‘Readiness’) to implement any agreed mechanism. This article introduces a special issue on the political economy of Readiness for REDD+. 
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