Tree-based agroforestry systems provide important livelihood benefits for communities in semi-arid regions of India. They contribute fuelwood, fodder, timber and other products. Systems with trees such as Leucaena and alley cropping with crops like groundnuts have been shown to provide stable yields even during drought years. Common traditional systems include scattered trees, silvopasture, and agrisilviculture. Recommended modern systems vary by region but include horticulture crops like mangoes and pomegranates integrated with trees. Large-scale adoption of systems like these and wadi plantations in tribal areas have been seen. There is potential to further increase yields and incomes from these systems through improved
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