This document discusses renewable fuels in household sectors and their implications for land use, poverty reduction, and development. It notes that the long-term goal is to shift away from fossil fuels and traditional biomass to renewable fuels and modern bioenergy. Agro-industries could produce decentralized energy like biogas, bioethanol, and mini-grids from small growers' feedstock to provide energy to rural communities, solving the problem of lack of initial energy to start production. Assessing energy access and clean cooking alternatives should take an ecosystem services and multi-dimensional poverty approach.
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